One of the great additions to Drupal 8 theming is the layouts file. Previously adding layout options to a Drupal 7 site required the Display Suite module, creating folders for each layout then creating 2-3 files per template option/folder. Now the DS module is still required, however the templating control is all within the theme, specifically the theme.layouts.yml file.
Each layout requires a minimum of 6 items:
- layout machine name
- layout ui label
- category template
- location
- css
- available regions:
- region machine name...